Bases of a film photo

In the normal film camera light is reflected from object or a scene and transits through the transparent glass or plastic lenses which focus it on a thin floppy slice of plastic (film). The film is covered by a photosensitive emulsion layer of haloid of silver.

Light (photons) getting on a film leads to immediate chemical response which after chemical handling helps to show and fix the image on a film. Light differs on color and intensity that leads to almost identical duplication of a scene as a result of chemical response. Unique regulators of light in the normal film camera are a lock (metal either fabric a curtain or plates which open quickly and closed for time management of an exposure/exposure of a scene on a film) and a diaphragm (a hole with the changeable size, allowing to control an amount of light transiting through a lens).

Before shooting the photographer installs value of an exposure and the size of a diaphragm. The diaphragm is normally installed manually at bandlet rotation on a lens which in turn mechanically regulates lobes of the passing light. Certainly, today many cameras (both analog and digital) possess some intelligence allowing automatically select time of an exposure and the size of a diaphragm. But if we address to sources the modern film photo anyway is a variety of the chemical and mechanical process invented in 1830 by Luis Dagger and Fox Talbot.

Bases of a digital photo

In digital cameras process of obtaining of the image is much more detailed. But, as well as in film technology, principles and bases will be invariable the next years, irrespective of scale of growth of technologies.

In digital cameras the lens, but instead of image focusing on a film also is used, light gets on photosensitive cells of the semi-conductor chip named a sensor control (image sensor). The sensor control reacts to received photons that is fixed by the camera. Further the camera computing block analyzes the acquired information and defines necessary values of an exposure and focus, color (balance white), necessity of flashout etc. Then the sensor control captures the image and transfers it to chip ATSP (analog-to-digital converter) which analyzes analog electrical pulses and will transform them to a digital form (a flow of zero and units). Using additional computing power (cameras can contain some processors and other chips, including specialized processors and the host processor), the data transits later processing by means of special (depending on specific model/firm) algorithms and will be transformed to the image file which can be viewed.

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Direct downloading on FTP, web browsing and even more

The model of Ricoh RDC i700 planned to fast release and it is capable to download automatically images on FTP protocol through the built in modem. For this purpose the camera is equipped similar PDA by the management interface with an electronic pen. Thus, the user can transfer both freeze frame images, and video clips, the text and a sound, using in advance prepared HTML a template. Besides, i700 supports periphery of standard Type II, for example, the additional modem, network or ATA card. In i700 even own web browser is integrated. Precisely also Polaroid PDC-640M contains built in 56,6k modem for connection on a telephone line and direct downloading of photos on photosite Polaroid.

Development of the digital camera

This year some vendors announced the inexpensive digital cameras combined with MP3 players. Many modern models can remove a short video film of low resolution (including an audio stream) which then can be viewed on the camera, on the TV set or can be placed on the web page.

Meanwhile it has not been declared any camera Bluetooth-enabled or other modern technology of communication, however, it is possible to expect for certain that in the future similar technologies will find the place in digital cameras. Certainly, dedicated digital cameras (which images can remove only) won’t disappear from sale, but they already will quit sphere of interest of the customers, wishing to receive the maximum functionality for the paid price. In process of magnification of functional capabilities the structure of the digital camera becomes complicated: huge number of technologies tries to push into such small box.

Today tiny cameras are in size of a credit card or a watch, but already in the near future we will see devices in size with a brooch or a cuff link. The size and a dial-up of possibilities of the camera is only a matter of time, ingenuity and market requirements. We will try to understand this article, as components of the digital camera work, and that to us will give the future from the point of view of new technologies and designs. But at first let’s look briefly at a data stream in a digital photo for the best understanding of a current state of technologies.

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If film cameras were finished and improved more than 160 years digital technologies of shooting are in infantile age: in vitro they are used for about 20 years, and in the consumer market numeral cameras have appeared only 7-8 years ago. Certainly, speed of development of technology for this period amazes, but a limit meanwhile is not reached, and numeral technologies of shooting will develop in directions of image enhancement, productivity and convenience of control.

In digital cameras till now there are many acute angles, which else it is required to grind. Now the state of digital technology of shooting can be compared to other technology of the XX-th century: cars. We have just taught to chromeplate body, to produce the engine and to connect headlights. Speaking in other words, numeral technologies have proved the right to life, bases are already explicitly selected, and we are expected by rather boring stage of the further evolution.

But, though for us also waits more likely extensive, rather than intensive, development, this branch nevertheless rivets on itself steadfast attention. The majority of observers and experts foretell that the digital photo becomes during very short time the same common thing as public transport, high-speed backbones and other modern miracles. Till now changeover of the film camera was a chief goal of the digital camera. But, as films have exceeded theatrical performances, by possibilities the numeral camera now considerably overtakes the film analog. Today its prospective usage isn’t reduced anymore only to obtaining of freeze frame images, the camera became a visual communications medium. For a minute (or even for several seconds) after shooting the photographer can unpack the image uses it on presentation places in the Internet or transfer it through the modem (including wireless modem).

Array of color light filters

Finally, functionality of the camera of all shown possibilities will be accessible even without the computer. Already now cameras are equipped with the wireless infrared interface for direct connection to printers, cellular telephones and wireless networks. For example, camera HP PhotoSmart 912 can transfer on key press the selected images to photo printer HP or on similar cameras on infrared communication.

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Photo effects, browse modes

At photographing it is possible to use various photo effects, there are among them 7 types: the photo effect is disconnected, bright colors, neutral colors, the under sharpness, sepia, black / white and and also it is allowed most to install visibility, sharpness and saturation of colors.

The balance white can be installed manually on a clean sheet, and it is possible to select from the list: the auto, daylight, cloudy, glow incandescent, fluorescent lamps, and fluorescent lamps.

Expo parameters are deduced on the color display, regulation of compensating of an exposure is produced with step of 1/3 steps to a range from-2EV to +2EV. At shooting in places with insufficient illuminance or if needed usages of shorter exposure of a lock, it is possible to change sensitivity ISO: a car, 50, 100, 200 and 400.

At A60 and A70 have appeared modes: central and point wise. Flash out has some modes: auto, forced, for shooting of night frames, and a mode of reduction of effect of “red eyes”.

Two browse modes: one-frame and a mosaic 3×3, review of parameters of shooting and the histogram, a slide of show, turn of images, removals, editing sound the comment to a picture, the direct press inkjet printers Canon supporting the direct press, function DPOF – the press job.

Record of pictures is produced on memory card CompactFlash, memory cards only of a Type I are supported. Electric power supply of cameras – 4 NiHN accumulator (NB-1AH) or 4 alkaline batteries of the size AA or an exterior source of the alternating current adapter (ACK-600). If to use accumulators NB-1AH it is possible to finish shooting 350 frames with included LCD the display or 1000 frames with the disconnected.

To connection to the computer it is produced through interface USB1.1 (transmission rate 570 kB/sek), to work with camera is possible by means of programs on applied disks or by means of others similar. If you don’t have access to the computer, you can view the removed pictures or video on the TV set, having connected the camera special video by cable.

The wide-angle converter and a body the converter

On cameras A60 and A70 it is possible to install additional optics, it is the tv converter 2,4x, the wide-angle converter 0,7x and a lens for removal at a short distance.

* the Tv converter 2,4x TC-DC52 – 100-110$

* the Wide-angle converter 0,7x WC-DC52 – 70-85$

* 250D 52mm – 70-80$

Outputs

Canon PowerShot A60 and A70 compact, general-purpose cameras of middle class. Have idle time control, a considerable quantity of possibilities. Despite some defects, cameras have left good impressions, well thought over ergonomics and appearance was pleasant. Doubtless plus is possibility of setting of wide-angle converters, light filters. The electronic stuffing became better than on A30 and A40, the optics became better, too.

If you are the beginner in a numeral photo, these cameras just for you. Cost PowerShot A60 – 284$, PowerShot A70 – 377$.

Pluses:

* stylish design;

* a shooting manual mode;

* a considerable quantity of adjustments;

* new productive signal processor

* 5 – pointwise TTL AiAF/AF with one central point;

* small power consumption;

* 1,5 “LCD the display;

* possibility of setting of additional optics.

Minuses:

* unreliable fixing for a thong;

* plastic slot.

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Recently company Canon has updated a line of cameras of series A, having let out on the market two new compact cameras PowerShot A60 and PowerShot A70. PowerShot A60 comes in the stead of A30, and PowerShot A70 a change for A40. In difference from predecessors, cameras A60 and A70 are considerably advanced. And though appearance of cameras practically hasn’t changed – but there were new functional capabilities.

Let’s consider both devices in more details.

PowerShot A60 and A70 differ from each other only with resolution. At A60 2 mega pixel, at A70 3,2 mega pixel array. In everything else practically all is identical; therefore I will speak about singularities and possibilities in general. In difference from cameras of the previous generation, A60 and A70 became more adult”- the fixed modes of shooting were added manual, and as some. In total their amount has grown to 12.

Thanking to 3,2 mega pixel CCD (the size of a CCD 1/2.7″) matrix at A70 printing of pictures in the size 4″ x 6 “, 5″ x 7 “, 8″ x 10 “is possible. At A60 matrix of 2 mega pixels and the maximum size of a printed picture is equal to 4″ x 6 “and 5″ x 7 “. Cameras are completely plastic, silvery color.

Photo camera Canon PowerShot A60 Optics on A60 and A70 is built in camera, a lens of telescopic type with 3x the multiple optical zoom 35 – 105 mm (the equivalent range for 35 – film mm), 5.4 – 16.2 mm, a range of change of diaphragm is F2,8 – 4,8. When the camera is in a standby mode or is ungeared, the lens is safeguarded by special “wipe”.

In A60 and A70 it is applied new 5 – point wise system of focusing TTL AiAF (intellectual auto focusing). In addition to an optical zoom you receive also numeral, at A60 – 2,5 multiple numeral zoom, and at A70 – 3,2 multiple. But to use a numeral zoom I do not advise, as quality of pictures strongly worsens. At shooting you can use the view-finder (visibility of 84 % of a frame) or 1,5 – inch LCD display. LCD display fulfills as view-finder function, and is the unique device of display of the control footing.

At A60 and A70 new productive signal processor Digital Imaging Core. It controls all cycle of formation of the image: reading with CCD, amplitude – numeral conversion, recording, handling of the image and compression of files, operation of the memory card, automatics of an exposure, focusing and balance white. Result of these innovations was also the magnification of speed of shooting.

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Photo camera Canon PowerShot A70

A60 And A70 were noticeably faster the younger brothers, the greatest speed of shooting 2,6 frames/seconds at A60 and 2,2 frames/seconds at A70.

Shooting modes

The choice of a mode of shooting is carried out by means of the disk mechanism. All modes are divided into three groups: “a green zone” – an auto mode, modes of a creative zone and program control zone. In an auto mode, the only thing that from you is required is to push the descent button.

Modes of a creative zone: program (P), with a priority of an exposure of a lock (Tv), with a diaphragm priority (Av), a mode of manual setting of an exposure and a diaphragm (M). Modes of a zone of program control: a portrait, a landscape, night shooting, a short exposure, the durable exposure, a mode of shooting of panoramas and a sound video film.

The portrait mode is used to receive the sharp image of object on a dim background.

The landscape mode is used for shooting of wide landscapes.

The mode of night shooting is intended for shooting people against the evening sky or for shooting of night scenes. Removed objects are illuminated by flash out and the background is studied thanks to great patience of the lock, therefore all objects correctly are on display.

The mode of a short exposure or sports a mode is necessary for shooting of fast-moving objects.

The mode of the durable exposure creates effect of smearing of quickly moving objects.

The mode of shooting of panoramas is used for shooting of some superimposed frames for their subsequent join on the computer in the big panorama.

The video shooting mode is used for shooting of a sound video film. It is possible to install one or the other resolutions 320×240 or 160×120, for A70 it is accessible VGA (640×480) resolution! The maximum duration of a film of 3 minutes at 15 frames/seconds and 30 seconds at VGA resolution, zooming at shooting isn’t possible.

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Accessories for Canon EOS 5D mark II:

Canon Speedlite 580EX II

Flashout Speedlite 580EX II is connected to photo camera EOS-1D Mark III and can be used in any weather conditions. Besides, to control operation of this flashout it is possible by means of the photocamera menu. In comparison with prior model Speedlite 580 EX new flashout differs smaller time of a recharge, and also more reliable construction.

The new cable of a portable boottree, the compact battery unit and fixing of flashout Speedlite (also presented today) are protected from dust and moisture hit at shooting with a portable boottree. Many characteristics of Speedlite 580EX II are refined in comparison with prior model.

The flashout recharge is carried out silently and on 20 % faster. Protecting cover usage guarantees that III wireless transmitter of files WFT-E2 connected to model EOS-1D Mark is protected from moisture and a dust as it is reliable, as well as the camera. The new design of the metal base of flashout and contacts provides more reliable interaction of a photo camera and flashout, and the mechanism of fast detaching reduces deterioration of both units.

The flashout head has wide range zoom (24 – 105 mm), and the built in panel of dispersion of light provides more illumination wide angle (to 14 mm). The new cable of portable boottree OC-E3, compact battery unit CP-E4 and fixing of flashout Speedlite SB-E2 also are protected from moisture and a dust: as a result the photographer receives the high-grade system, that allows using flashout on a portable boottree even in difficult weather conditions.

Kingston CF 8 GB

The last development of company Kingston is the fastest for today memory card. Kingston Elite Pro 133x supports speed of reading 20Mb in second and speed of record 20Mb in a second, in one and a half time exceeding high-speed performance of card Kingston of the previous series. Record high-speed performance of cards of series Kingston Elite Pro 133x proves to be true tests. Speed of record in numeral photo cameras varies depending on camera model.

Cards of series Kingston Elite Pro 133x are completely compatible to all numeral devices supporting standard CompactFlash and are oriented on the market of the professional numeral photo cameras which high resolution demands usage of high-speed flash memory cards. Cards Kingston Elite Pro 133x fullly answer possibilities of the newest cameras with resolution from 4 million pixels, providing high density of data record, excellent speed, unsurpassed reliability and low power consumption. New memory cards approach for operation in any weather conditions and save the characteristics in a temperature range from–40 to +80°С.

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Principal advantage of compact, easy and protected from unfavorable exterior camera is the innovative CMOS-sensor developed by Canon. Thanking to it camera has high sensitivity (to 25 600 units) users of EOS 5D Mark II can photograph practically in the full darkness. New processor DIGIC 4 forms the image of the same quality, as at cameras of an average format, with a speed of 3,9 frames per second for 310 frames at shooting by series.

HD-video function is caused in mode Live View and allows keeping the continuous record with resolution 1080 and in the speed of 30 frames per second, receiving a material of excellent quality with outstanding detail level and realism.

Integration of such option into the high-quality 21,1-megapixel camera opens new horizons before press photographers. The full shot CMOS-sensor is of an exceptional high sensitivity that do EOS 5D Mark II a fine choice for this purpose who searches for best quality camera of available on the market. It can be used in any situations, whether it is an operation in studio or on solemn actions, shooting outside or traveling photosketches.

Among other improvements in the given model are:

* embedded system of cleaning EOS and a new fluoric covering on the filter of the lower frequencies;

* increased 3,0-inch Zhk-display Clear View with VGA-resolution, viewing angle 170 ° and an antiglare covering;

* advanced system of the menu, including the operational management screen (Quick Control Screen) for the instant access to often used adjustments;

* the system of automatic adjustment of peripheral lighting which processes the information transferred by lens EF, and optimizes JPEG-images immediately in the camera;

* the case from an alloy of magnesium with additional protection against an environment adverse effect;

* compatibility with memory card UDMA.

Key characteristics:

* the new 21,1-megapixel CMOS-sensor with the refined integrated system of cleaning EOS (E.I.C.S.);

* the video record in format Full HD;

* the continuous photographing with a speed of 3,9 frames per second;

* the high-efficiency processor DIGIC 4 providing magnificent image quality;

* to 310 frames with high resolution in format JPEG at shooting by a series and usage of card UDMA;
* 3-inch Zhk-screen Clear View (920 thousand points);

* sensitivity ISO 100 – 6400 (the range extends to 50 – 25 600);

* 9-pointwise system AF + 6-pointwise auxiliary system AF.

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As it was told above, functional Nikon D60 Sony A100 and A200 are similar to already existing devices. Both cameras allow disconnecting the display during shooting by means of the view-finder.

However, if to speak about newer variation of the camera of Sony, it is necessary to mark that it in the market has appeared a bit later than Nikon D60 and costs slightly more expensively. However lenses approach to it cheaper as don’t demand stabilizing embedded system – it equips the camera and this stabilizing works isn’t worse at all than lens stabilizators.

As also it is possible to name alternative Nikon D60 and Pentax K100D, K200D, Olympus E-510, E-410. However, the differences in comparison with Sony cameras are really visible. For example, and in Nikon D60, and in the updated Alpha-series there is a cleaning of matrix and the reinforced system of lightening, than remaining cameras can’t brag.

Disadvantages of Nikon D60 before Sony cameras depend on time of independent operation. If those can hold on throughout 500-700 frames with flashout resources Nikon D60 come to an end already after 300-400 frames. The matter is that – the compact accumulator of small capacity and high power consumption of the device. After the accumulator is almost discharged, the camera produces the warning of impossibility to close a lock though to view pictures still probably, and the indicator produces the data that the accumulator is charged still almost on a quarter. Because of it it is difficult enough to be guided with its help.

Nikon D60 represents the pleasant camera in the operation, intended for the beginning user. It is a qualitative basic level though the camera and isn’t deprived lacks. Its advantage also that Nikon the first among leading vendors has deduced the updated camera on the market, therefore its leadership for today is conclusive. However, as soon as on the market there will be devices of other vendors, the situation can change strongly enough, after all at present it is not known authentically, Sonnies A300 and А350 which give to beginning owners of mirror devices more ample opportunities will cost a lot too.

The camera supports all functions of lenses AF-S and AF-I NIKKOR (at remaining types of lenses NIKKOR all functions are not supported.)

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The innovation of system of cleaning Nikon D60 consists in that it actually has several elements. As a result the dust doesn’t subside anywhere, and gathers in special “dust collector” which can be changed in process of filling with a dust. However, to trace and analyze this possibility in operation, to use the camera it is necessary in any way less than year or two, otherwise to note cleaning system operation it is possible unless in desert or on a beach.

And here system of lightening proves to be more active. At photographing it is possible to activate it and already in the course of shooting to note that the luminous gamma of a picture has much strongly changed. Function is intended for lighting of the blacked out sections of a frame which arise both at shooting of architecture and landscapes, and during photographing of people. At activation during shooting of this function, the shielded areas turn out more light and natural, however if the area is shaded very strongly, the camera cannot consult. In that case to “hold on” a picture it is possible already in a browse mode where the same function is presented by several levels. It is possible to run a picture through filter lightening few times.

Besides, in an editing mode it is possible to change color gamma, the size pictures and to fulfill superimposing of several photos against each other. It is useful in a greater degree in the event that during shooting the RAW-format was used.

By the way, some words about formats in more details. The camera suggests selecting one of several variants of saving photos: RAW, JPEG that is the best, of an average or low quality and also RAW + JPEG of an average quality. To make both of a RAW, and JPEG quality the camera won’t allow. At saving of picture Nikon D60 for a long time reflects – almost for five seconds, therefore it is necessary to wait for some time to make a new photo. To avoid it, it is necessary to photograph a series, however as soon as the lock button is released, the camera begins saving. For it can take about ten seconds depending on that, how many frames were in a series. In RAW format the log reaches 10 seconds and at saving of an individual frame.

Remaining possibilities of the device are almost standard: it, as well as all remaining amateur mirror cameras, allows to edit any adjustments or to use one of the preinstalled programs.

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At the same time, to experience all advantages of a lens it is possible at review of the photos made the camera, instead of during its usage more likely. The matter is that the lens most part is fulfilled from plastic and a course of rings hard, with notable “plastic” effect. It leaves negative impressions which dissipate unless after the durable usage of the camera in which result the course becomes easier and soft, smooth a little.

On lens are allocated two switches. One of them is intended for activation or shut-down of the stabilizing, the second helps to pass in a mode of manual or automatic focusing.
The camera is very similar to the predecessors unless its sizes have a little decreased. Fortunately, the vendor didn’t begin to change the sizes of the successful fellow, to have control over the camera still conveniently.

At the left end face Nikon D60 the button of activation of flashout is allocated. In an automatic mode it opens independently and here at usage semi-automatic or manual adjustments it is necessary to push the button – manually the flashout unit doesn’t open. Over the built in flashout connector – a switch for connection of an exterior lighting element is located.

On the left panel the vendor also has allocated the button of exhibiting of a temporal time delay, a key for switch-off of a lens and the main dial-up of connectors hidden behind a plastic cover.

Right panels of that is closed by a hand, it is used only for memory card layout. The accumulator is classically allocated on the lower panel.

Changes on a top panel have concerned in addition carried out button of lightening and an additional mode on the main wheel. Last is intended for shooting of children and animals that is missed at Nikon D40.

As to lightening this is a function of alignment of luminous balance of a frame which often name also clarification function. In more details that it herself represents and how works, you can read in section “Functions and possibilities”.

The camera back panel consists of additional controls, the display which is similar embodied in Nikon D40, and also view-finder under which the luminous element is allocated. For the given vendor this innovation, however in cameras of other companies such element already exists some years. It disconnects the screen while the photographer works by means of the view-finder that allows saving energy of the accumulator.

The display differs with high brightness and visibility. Unlike cameras of other vendors in Nikon D60 the display displays the color image not only at review of photos, but also during shooting and exhibiting of adjustments. Because of it the camera is similar to amateur compact devices and is simple in mastering for beginning users of mirror cameras.

As a whole the camera can be marked as the device convenient enough in usage, in what a considerable merit of the simple and evident menu in a photographing mode. The camera itself gives helps that is useful to the novice user, though to those who has got used to communicate with devices of other vendors, such system and can seem to the excessive.

In spite of the fact that Nikon D60 is direct successor Nikon D40 and it is similar to it outwardly, it is functional it strongly differs from it. At first, the vendor used system of cleaning of a matrix which is by default activated each time at device switching-on in the camera. At desire, in the menu it is possible to expose and other adjustments.

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Mirror cameras of Nikon Company is not a novelty. In a modeling row of this vendor there are cameras for beginning users, professionals and semiprofessionals. Nikon D60 concerns the first class and is the direct successor of cameras Nikon D40 and Nikon D40х, quitted in last year.

The vendor has removed these devices from release as become outdated, having let out it changeover. Nevertheless, entirely replace the predecessors is mposible, as the photographers earlier using the cameras of this vendor and having a dial-up of optics, hardly can use it valuably. For Nikon D60 a choice of lenses is much more difficult to do, than for its predecessors. The matter is that own engine at it isn’t present – the camera entirely depends on a lens in this sense. It narrows down a choice of lenses, however restricts it and that the user should buy is mandatory lenses with stabilizing embedded system – own optical stabilizator at a photo camera isn’t present.

However, it though does Nikon D60 by the camera more specific, than Nikon D40, but at all doesn’t mean that it certainly losing course of the company: after all the majority of the photographers, buying cameras of such level, do it for the first time so, the choice of optics has no such great value, as for beginning users. As whale lens the vendor used qualitative optics with stabilizing embedded system to what designation VR both on a box with the camera and on the lens testifies. By the way, the vendor does strong enough emphasis on this singularity of the camera and at all in vain.

After all otherwise to explain a difference in the price between Nikon D60 and its predecessors it would be much more difficult. The vendor has estimated a set slightly more expensively, than, for example, whale Nikon D40. Optical stabilizing as that offers advantages as the stabilizing based on shift of lenses of a lens, is considered better and reliable, than its analog based on shift of a matrix.

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Sony A300, Sony A700

Camera functions are carried by several buttons, therefore at first the photographer should hold in a head the scheme of management of the camera. However it is impossible to name it a lack – it is necessary to get used to any new device at first. In the rest the camera is convenient enough; basic elements are located quite logically.

At the left end face of flash there was a button of its activation. At А100 such element wasn’t, flash should be opened manually. And here the lens in a whale enters just the same, as at the first mirror camera of this manufacturer. It means that for more or less serious shooting it is necessary to change a lens. Its advantage is in enough high diaphragm 3,5-5,6 and universality. Test photos became both a whale lens, and several others – similar Sigma (2,8-5,6), the fish eye and 50 mm fix the Sony companies.

One of the basic differences which are evident at the first acquaintance to the camera is a matrix. The quantity of megapixels has changed, thus noise any more didn’t become. However, full-size the matrix isn’t.

Less obvious innovation is the strengthened motor thanks to what the camera is compatible to lenses which earlier supported А700, but didn’t support А100, including – high light fix. А100, for example, with it can work only in completely manual mode – automatics “does not extend” this optics. Thus, a choice of lenses for cameras wider, than that could be expected. Their cost varies from few hundred dollars and above.

One more change which has proved in all new cameras of the manufacturer – a log before the shooting, exposed by the user. In А100 it was necessary to expose a delay for each new shot; А350 fixes it until the user won’t cancel adjustment.

Quality of received shots in many respects depends on the chosen optics, the camera well copes with trembling of hands, clears a matrix of a dust and allows to use DR, including improved. As well as in other cameras, this function allows to make a shot is more light, more exactly all over the world.

Colors and transition from one color to another looks naturally, a greenish shade at shooting indoors which was at А100, at the new camera aren’t present.

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Sony A300, Sony A700

Lens, frankly to say are still weak. It is good only for classical shooting in the street; therefore we considered the camera with several lenses. In the pictures made with high light fix, considerably strong degradation of a background. The unique lack of such lens is its advantage. It is enough to be mistaken with sharpness on pair centimeters to spoil a shot. Therefore to trust automatics such pictures obviously it is not necessary, is better to work independently. At the same time, it is possible to do by such lens rather beautiful pictures.

The wide-angle lens of the company Sony possesses a considerable quantity of lacks. At it obviously even quantity of “petals”, therefore degradation looks unattractively, in places it even reminds noise. Such photos not to everyone will optimal. The zone of sharpness at this lens is big, but behind it a picture spoils a little. Specificity of a lens is shown and along the edges of a shot, besides, here is strongly appreciable barrel-like distortion.

At a whale lens one of strong lacks is a material. The in itself lens is good only in the first months of use, then it “becomes loose”, to guide sharpness begins difficult.

If the rotary screen isn’t necessary to you, it is possible to pay attention to А200, it is a direct successor А100. At it the matrix and more powerful motor are improved, process is renewed. Thus, it is something an average between А350 and А100 – the camera for the undemanding user who only learns advantages of mirror digital cameras. А300 possesses the rotary screen, same as and А350 and differs basically a matrix. These cameras are congenial also to convenience of use; the difference in the price is insignificant.

At other manufacturers in lineups of the mirror cameras intended for professional shooting, practically isn’t present. It is possible to consider as an exception unless Panasonic L10 which meanwhile only prepares for release. But at it the screen will be more mobile – same, as in compact cameras. However, the device price meanwhile it is hard to judge – preceding from cost of Panasonic L1. Sony cameras always were famous for the big operating time and the new generation of cameras didn’t become an exception. From one total charge of the accumulator the camera is capable to make about seven-eight hundreds pictures, a part of them – with flash.

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Sony A300, Sony A700

A lot of functions have changed and not only at the expense of redistribution of functions, but also at the expense of addition of new elements. For example, switching between the usual mode of shooting and “a live picture”. Its manufacturer has taken out on the top panel, having arranged to the right of flash. Switch is hard, but it can be shifted a finger.

The screen reacts to such action very quickly, however its brightness should be regulated accurately to see, what exactly you remove. Otherwise the picture will be muddy, indistinct. By itself, it is necessary to use and a micro fibre napkin: without it the screen quickly becomes covered with the fingerprints, stirring to lead shooting. At А100 there were the same problems, simply in a mode of usual shooting when on the screen options are displayed, contrast range and brightness allows to see an accurate picture. Especially, vising is led through the view-finder which sun beams don’t affect in any way, and prints and a dust settle extremely seldom.

At the same time, as already it was told earlier, without Live View the manufacturer simply wouldn’t manage to implement the rotary screen as vising would be impossible. Unlike the majority compact cameras, А350 doesn’t allow to turn out the display on 180 or even 90 degrees. Its possibilities come to an end on turn on 45-60 degrees upwards or downwards that it was possible to remove without problems children at level of their eyes or to lead shooting on the hands extended upwards at a concert or sports competitions. It is quite enough of it for the majority of photographers and the flexible design does the camera rather convenient.

Until А350 has appeared in hands, still there were doubts, whether it is necessary to choose this camera if its price almost equal to values of more perfect technically camera А700, but after a pair of clocks of dialogue with the device, all doubts have disappeared. The rotary screen simplifies life, even in the event that stirs light, and it is already impossible to wind brightness – simply enough to incline it downwards that the image on the display has ceased to be whitish. The view-finder remained former, still on the place there were also light sensor controls under the view-finder, disconnecting the screen when the photographer is vised on the view-finder. It allows saving energy of the accumulator.

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Among possibilities of this camera is the improved light optimizer, a matrix of 14 megapixels, the rotary screen and mode Live View. Its advantage to users is disputable and convenient by not all, but in А350 it just supplements the rotary display.

The Sony company has started to produce mirror cameras more recently – at least, in comparison with other manufacturers of digital mirror devices. It “has inherited” production from Minolta which was famous in due time for its qualitative and functional devices. This heredity was traced in general cases, in management of the first mirror camera of Sony A100 and even in its possibilities. However the manufacturer has presented already the second generation of amateur cameras which essentially differ from А100 and are in a greater degree a company development.

Sony A100, Sony A200

Sony A700 does not answer an overall picture as that doesn’t concern an amateur class: it is a leader intended for the exacting and exacting user. The manufacturer promises renovation of the “senior” line within this year or in the beginning of the following year, but accurate date of camera promotion is unknown.

Thus, for today the user line of digital mirror cameras of Sony is presented by four cameras: leaving sale А100, its successor А200, and also А300 and А350. Most of all has got to the camera with index А350 – as the senior representative of family. Among its possibilities are the improved light optimizer, a matrix of 14 megapixels, the rotary screen and mode Live View. Last without the mobile screen is advantage to users disputable and convenient by not all, but in А350 it just supplements the rotary display.

Sony A300, Sony A700

When А100 entered the market, many users had censures on its convenience of use. The matter is that management at the camera has been implemented a little unusually though – it is very convenient. The additional rotary castor facilitated access to camera options, allowed coping with them quickly. New cameras of the manufacturer, including А350, are deprived this element. The manufacturer has obviously gone on a meeting to the majority of the amateur photographers, not wishing to change habits and has made management similar with presented in devices of other manufacturers.

Whether it has done the device better is difficult to tell. A question of convenience of management and accustoming to nuances of the device is disputable and individual. To owners of А100, for example, during the first moments will cope with the camera very much and very difficult, and here to those who communicated only with cameras of the average level or mirror devices of other manufacturers earlier, on the contrary, the new scheme of management will be extremely convenient.

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Not all people are impressed by dimensional cameras with bulky lenses. As convincingly the statistic shows to the majority of amateur photographers compact not so expensive cameras with simple options are required first of all. Such cameras became a subject of our review.

Buyers of compact cameras can be divided conditionally on two categories: those who acquire the first device and only start to comprehend elements of digital shooting, and those who select replacement to the old camera. The first category is usually guided by cost. For such users manufacturers have created many devices which are capable to leave good impression of digital shooting, but thus not strongly to cost a pretty penny the buyer.

Those who buy more the first camera usually meet more often. Such user has already estimated the basic possibilities of inexpensive “cameras” and morally has ripened for something more interesting, but is yet ready or doesn’t want to buy the camera with a mirror lens. Usually choice of such buyers stops at image cameras which often allow to choose a color score of the case and are equipped with interesting features like automatic recognition of persons, optical stabilization and other.

Cameras-participants of our review belong to the different price categories; each of them has a just cause to lodge in a backpack of the tourist or owing to the compactness to become the constant companion of the amateur photographer.

Sony DSC-W300

This camera becomes an excellent choice for those who don’t wish to adjust independently manual parameters of shooting, but wants to acquire the qualitative camera in the reliable stylish case. The budget for such purchasing is required, frankly speaking, rather big – at the moment of a writing of the review of Sony W300 cost were $480 that for compact cameras absolutely not cheap. For this money the 13-megapixel array and broad range of various options, including manual adjustment of endurance and a diaphragm is offered to the user.

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Sony DSC-W300

Important advantage of a camera is the compact case executed from the titan. The case glossy at the expense of what the camera looks nobly and expensively. However, fans of bright coloring will be disappointed: Sony W300 is presented only in one color score – gray.

Shooting process is similar to the majority of compact cameras – as the view-finder the big bright display of the device is used. However, in the given model there is also an optical view-finder, but it is faster the vestige of the past which has got in the inheritance from cameras of the previous generations.

Use of the optical view-finder unfairly as it very small, doesn’t cover all shot and doesn’t allow grouping the future photo adequately. From the most interesting possibilities we will note a mode of automatic determination of smiles. In the menu the given mode is called Smile Shutter. Function work consists that when people in a shot start to smile, the camera independently determines it and does a picture. In practice it is applied seldom, but using of it is advised necessarily.

In Sony W300 the firm stabilizer of the image which fine helps at good illumination is used. And here at shooting in twilight when it is necessary to use long endurance, the effect from the stabilizer is reduced to a minimum. The standard accumulator is enough for approximately 280 shots which acted in film both with flash, and without it. Thus the energy part was spent for viewing of images on the display. All photos remain on flash card Memory Stiсk Pro Duo, to use more universal cards SD, unfortunately, it is impossible.

Summary estimation

* heavy price

* the metal case

* a wide choice of options

* automatic determination of smiles

Sony DSC-S730

The unpretentious and inexpensive camera Sony S730 can become a quite good gift for those who only starts to master digital shooting. After all the first camera should be idle time, functional and, the main thing it is inexpensive. All these qualities are at Sony S730.

First, the device compact also weighs only 189 grams it is possible to carry it in a pocket of wide jeans. Sony S730 isn’t created with something especial; the manufacturer didn’t put such purpose. The main advantage of the device is that it is a high-grade digital camera for the minimum money. Therefore and design of the camera unpretentious enough, whereas the matrix permission quite adequate – 7,2 megapixels. The case is executed from silvery plastic. The material is qualitative, assemblage too deserves a praise – the camera doesn’t creak even if strongly to compress the device in a hand. Very opportunely system of helps which are displayed on the display and explain to the user that means this or that action. Such helps are very organically entered in the concept of the camera for beginners.

For the services of user is offered a 3-fold optical zoom and the 6-fold digital. In the second case of the image strongly lose in quality, therefore a digital zoom better simply to disconnect. The Display-view-finder as a whole justifies hopes, but on brightness and a color rendition yields to more expensive models. Besides photographing is also offered to services of the user and video recording with a sound permission of 320 х 240 points. In the given camera it is obvious not key function, quality of video clips is mediocre. As a whole the camera will be quite good decision for beginners, and also for those who needs the camera very seldom, mainly in holiday. But there is at Sony S730 and serious, in our opinion, lack. This use of finger-type batteries.

Summary estimation

* use of finger-type batteries

* moderate price

* the simple menu and system of helps

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Fujifilm FinePix Z20

The camera is great for fans of communities:

The most important things:

* 10 megapixels

* possibility to continue shooting of a videoclip after button click of “stop”

* support of memory cards in formats XD/SD/SDHC

Counter. Release of this camera was accompanied by resource discovery ZSpotNow.com which became community of owners Fujifilm FinePix Z20. On it users allocate the photos and video clips, communicate at a forum, and participate in competitions. And though this camera can’t be connected to a network for file allocation in online, but it is able to adapt photos for their publication in blogs.

Our impressions

Design. Image camera Fujifilm FinePix Z20 is issued with several variants of a coloring of the case: black, is bright-dark blue, pink, green and red with a nacreous shade. Quality of the assembly of the metal case good also doesn’t cause censures. It is possible to note that application of a wipe hiding optics causes associations with cameras of Sony of series T (truly, at last the wipe moves down not aside, and downwards).

Ergonomics. The view-finder at the camera isn’t present, therefore to arrange a frame follows by means of the 2,5-inch screen. The display occupies the most part of a back surface of the camera, however for convenient layout of control buttons the place for it is enough. Between buttons there is enough space to avoid erratic pushing. The control panel: it will be easy to you to get used to two round navigation keys and the button of an output from the menu/return in a shooting mode. But the descent button at the upper end face, in our judgements, is allocated very close to the upper edge. It does by one hand not so convenient shooting, despite ease and compactness of the camera.

Shooting. As well as in remaining models, in Fujifilm Z20 there is a good dial-up of modes of shooting with the useful functions (determination of the person in a frame, automatic sensitivity control, etc.). To receive sharp and bright photos at shooting in the conditions of insufficient lighting, it is possible to install the maximum sensitivity of images – to ISO 1600. At review of the removed photos they are beautifully looked through, as book pages is looks interesting and delivers pleasant emotions to the user.

It is possible to do the video record in format MPEG4. For video shooting the special button is selected, therefore always it is possible to remove the interesting events happening round you. Camera FinePix Z20fd counters – in enhanced features of operation from video. The vendor has equipped the camera with two useful functions. The first allows removing a video clip with continuation possibility. It means that even if you will interrupt a video shooting to make a photo, then all the same you can continue watching the video clip. And the second function allows editing or deleting any fragment of the removed rollers.

Total estimation

* the inconvenient button of descent

* the expanded functions of operation from video

* beautiful design

* support of memory cards xD and SD

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Casio Exilim S10

The thinnest camera

The most important things:

* 10 megapixels

* a 3-fold zoom

* 12 MB of an internal memory, cards SD/SDHC

* record of video with resolution 848×480 points, 30 frames per second

Counter. Casio EX-S10 – is the thinnest models. On a thickness of the case in 1,7 sm it is comparable with a mobile phone. In our selection it is the most expensive camera – at the moment of review writing its average cost approximately on $60 exceeds the Samsung price i8 and Fujifilm Z20.

Our impressions:

Design. Compact Casio EX-S10 is fulfilled in qualitatively assembled metal case. As well as other cameras it is possible to select it from several variants of coloring: silvery, claret, black or dark blue. In our judgment, this camera has the most interesting design from other cameras of our review – it looks expensively, fashionably and beautifully.

Almost all back surface has big screen – by sight it has slightly more display of Samsung i8, but actually occupies a screen of similar size – 2,7 inches.

Ergonomics. We liked layout of control buttons, their soft course. The vendor hasn’t equipped the camera with superfluous keys, implemented as much as possible clear menu, therefore with Casio EX-S10 is very pleasant to work.

Shooting. The camera has equipped with unusual functions – it automatically photographs at determination of a smile upon face of the person (truly, only if the person in a frame is fixed). So the mode of stabilizing of the image will be very opportunely, it is a pity only that it numeral, instead of optical.

We have highly appreciated fast automatics – the menu almost instantly opens and different modes of shooting are activated. There is a possibility to install a focusing more on a car, macro, panoramic, infinity or manual focus. There is a serial shooting, an auto focus point wise, multi and tracking object of shooting.

The camera allows writing down video with resolution 848×480 points and speed of 30 frames per second. Usage of format Н.264 allows receiving high quality rollers at rather small size of received files. At shooting by means of function “YouTube Capture Mode” writeable video for the publication on a popular Internet portal “YouTube” is optimized.

We positively estimate a considerable quantity of subject programs – the button of rapid access to them is carried out separately thanks to what it is possible to activate a suitable mode quickly. It is rather convenient that the difference between subject programs is noticeable on a picture on the camera screen. So the color hues approaching for this or that case, and also it has stabilizing of moving objects at shooting of animals or children, first of all. In the made pictures we have marked good detailing of all frame.

Total estimation

* the screen not so steady against scratches

* the qualitative assembly

* beautiful design

* the compact sizes

* a considerable quantity of subject programs

* fast operation

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